奖励善人，而惩戒为非做歹者。见“劝善惩恶”条。《艺文类聚・卷四十・礼部下・谥》：“五经通义曰：谥者死后之称，累生时之行而谥之。生有善行，死有善谥，所以劝善戒恶也。”
英语 exhort somebody to be good and guard him against evil
